What happens to the hydrogen generated
by Windhunter? Who buys it and for what purposes?
Approximately fifty million tons of hydrogen is produced every
year in the world and nine million tons in the USA. Some of
the industrial applications for merchant hydrogen are gasoline,
heating oil, metals processing, refining, wastewater treatment,
chemical production, fats & oils production and electronics
processing. The chemical industry uses hydrogen to produce
hydrogen peroxide, methanol, ammonia, synthetic alcohols,
metal ores, pharmaceuticals, glass and optical fibers. Hydrogen
is starting to be used in internal combustion engines and
can replace natural gas for heating and electricity production.
Fuel cells will become increasingly common for vehicles and
large scale electric production power plants. Fuel cells require
clean hydrogen and currently electrolysis is the best production
method.
Commercial and industrial hydrogen is sold in the form of
compressed gas or cryogenic liquid in units of normal cubic
meter (Nm3) or by hundred standard cubic foot (cscf) or thousand
standard cubic feet (mscf) increments.
The steel, electronics and glass industries all use hydrogen
in their manufacturing processes. Universities, public and
private institues use hydrogen for their research. Liquid
hydrogen is used for propulsion in the space programs as
rocket fuel. The stored energy in hydrogen can be used to
support the utility grid as the hydrogen infrastructure
is developed. Hydrogen can be transported by pipeline as
well as tube tank trailers and/or insulated tankers. The
cost of 2645psig high pressure hydrogen in 2006 from one
company was $192 per 1000 cubic ft. It was contained in
a transportable hydrogen tube tank trailer. That hydrogen
was produced from natural gas. The future price will increase
as natural gas becomes more expensive because it is a non-renewable
resource. Each pound of hydrogen from the steam reforming
process that uses natural gas produces approximately five
and one-half pounds of carbon dioxide that is usually vented
to the atmosphere. CO2 is the major global warming gas.
Hydrogen from electrolysis produces no carbon dioxide or
other global warming gas.
Wind
to Hydrogen Overview with Panel Discussion
Moderator: Mr. Frank J. Novachek - Director, Corporate Planning,
Xcel Energy
pdf of presentation here
California
Hydrogen Business Council
New Mexico
Hydrogen Business Council
Interstate
Renewable Energy Council - Database of State Incentives
for Renewable Energy
Hydrogen
Energy Businesses
The Hydrogen
& Fuel Cell Investor
Fuel
Cell Markets
Hydrogen
Fuel Cells Institute (financial/business coverage of
industrial hydrogen market)
Driving the Transition to a Hydrogen Economy - pdf
The Hydrogen Economy (National Academies Report) - pdf
Hydrogen
Market, Hydrogen R&D and Commercial Implication in The
U.S. and E.U.
Florida's
Hydrogen Program
Hydrogen
Energy Research Center at Penn State
The Hydrogen & Fuel
Cell Letter
The
Scottish Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Association
4Hydrogen.com
The
Hydrogen Energy Center
Hydrogen
Now! (ERC, Colorado State University)
U.S. Department of Energy Hydrogen,
Fuel Cells & Infrastructure Technologies Program
U.S.
Department of Energy Hydrogen Program
The
President's Hydrogen Fuel Initiative
HyWeb
– the Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Information System
American
Hydrogen Association
International
Association for Hydrogen Energy
The
National Hydrogen Association
National
Hydrogen Asociation of Australia
Hydrogen
Pathways Research Program at The UC Davis Institute of Transportation
Studies
Hydrogen
Production Case Studies
